Acta Mechanica Slovaca 2024, 28(1):52-59 | DOI: 10.21496/ams.2024.015
Absorption Potential of Modern Steels when used for the Car-body Evaluated by the 3-point Bending Test with Stretching
- Department of Automotive Production, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Mäsiarska 74, 040 01 Košice
Beside the active safety components of the car, the passive safety elements incorporated in the car-body structure are important too. To ensure passenger safety during a car accident, advanced materials are used in deformation zones. The article deals with testing the material's absorption ability by a 3-point bending test with stretching. The test allows simulating material behaviour during bending load when combined with stretching and determining the properties of the metal sheets, such as the absorption potential of the material and stiffness constant. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the innovation potential of the dual-phase steel HCT600X and austenitic steel AISI 304, which are used in the automotive industry for body-in-white structural components, when compared to the drawing-quality steel DC05. By substituting cold-rolled steel DC05 with dual-phase steel HCT600X, the absorption potential increase about 2.01 at side impact and about 1.09 at frontal impact. Otherwise, when substitute cold-rolled steel DC05 with austenitic steel AISI 304, the absorption potential increase about 1.46 at side impact, and about 2.52 at frontal impact. It was found that the stiffness constant c evaluated at the bending test allowed determining the ability of material to absorb the impact energy at a short deformation path, which occurs in side impact during accident. Thus, in side deformation structures, it is better to use dual-phase steel HCT600X than austenitic steel AISI 304.
Keywords: 3-point bending test; energy absorption; deformation work; stiffness constant
Received: January 7, 2024; Revised: February 6, 2024; Accepted: February 10, 2024; Published: March 15, 2024 Show citation
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